Maria Reynolds and the First U.S. Political Sex Scandal

Maria Reynolds is best known for her role in the United States first political sex scandal. As the mistress of Alexander Hamilton, Maria was the subject of much gossip and speculation, and she ultimately found herself embroiled in a blackmail scheme. Fast Facts: Maria Reynolds Known For: Mistress of Alexander Hamilton, an affair that led to the publication of the Reynolds Pamphlet and the United States first sex scandalBorn: March 30, 1768 in New York, New YorkParents: Richard Lewis, Susanna Van Der BurghSpouse(s): James Reynolds, Jacob Clingman, Dr. Mathew (first name unknown)Died: March 25, 1828 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Early Life Maria was born in New York City to middle-class parents. Not much is known about her early life. Her father, Richard Lewis, was a merchant and itinerant laborer, and her mother Susanna Van Der Burgh had been married once before. (Of note, Susanna’s sixth great-grandson would become President George W. Bush.) Although Maria wasn’t formally educated,  her letters to Hamilton show that she was marginally literate. In 1783, when Maria was fifteen, her parents consented to her marriage to James Reynolds, several years her senior, and two years later she gave birth to their daughter, Susan. The couple moved from New York to Philadelphia at some point between 1785 and 1791. James had served during the Revolutionary War as a commissary agent, alongside his father, David. In addition, he had a pattern of filing claims with the government for damages and losses accrued during the war. In one letter to George Washington, dated 1789, James Reynolds asked for a land grant. The Hamilton Affair During the summer of 1791, Maria, then twenty-three years old, approached Hamilton in Philadelphia. She asked for help, saying James had abused and then abandoned her for another woman. She begged Hamilton, who was thirty-four and married, for financial assistance so that she could return to New York with her daughter. Hamilton agreed to deliver money to her, and promised to stop by Maria’s boarding house to drop it off. Once Hamilton arrived at Maria’s Philadelphia lodgings, she led him to her bedroom, and the affair began. The affair continued for the summer and fall of that year, while Hamilton’s wife and son were visiting family in upstate New York. At some point, Maria informed Hamilton that James sought a reconciliation, to which she had agreed, although she had no intention of ending the affair. She then arranged for Hamilton to meet James, who wanted a position in the Treasury Department. Hamilton refused, and indicated that he no longer wanted to be involved with Maria, at which point she wrote again, saying her husband had found out about their relationship. Soon, Reynolds himself was sending angry letters to Hamilton, demanding money. In December 1791, Hamilton paid Reynolds $1,000 — a staggering sum at that time — and ended the affair with Maria. However, a month later, Reynolds surfaced again, and this time invited Hamilton to renew his romantic attentions towards Maria; she also encouraged Hamilton’s visits. Each time, Hamilton sent Reynolds money. This continued until June 1792, when Reynolds was arrested and charged with forgery and fraudulently purchasing pensions from Revolutionary War veterans. From jail, Reynolds continued to write Hamilton, who refused to send the couple any further payments. The Scandal Once Maria and James Reynolds realized there was to be no further income from Hamilton, it wasn’t long before whispers of scandal got back to Congress. Reynolds hinted at public misconduct, promising to testify against Hamilton, but instead vanished after being released from jail. By then, though, the damage was done, and the truth about the affair with Maria was the talk of the town. Worried that accusations of financial misdeeds could destroy his political hopes, Hamilton decided to come clean about the affair. In 1797, he wrote what would become known as the Reynolds Pamphlet, in which he detailed the relationship with Maria and the blackmail by her husband. He maintained that his wrongdoing was adultery, not financial malfeasance: â€Å"My real crime is an amorous connection with his wife, for a considerable time with his privity and connivance, if not originally brought on by a combination between the husband and wife with the design to extort money from me.† Once the pamphlet was released, Maria became a social pariah. She had divorced Reynolds in absentia in 1793, and remarried; her second husband was a man named Jacob Clingman, who was implicated along with Reynolds in the pension speculation scheme. To escape further public humiliation, Maria and Clingman left for England in late 1797. Later Years There are no details about Maria’s life in England, but when she returned to the United States years later, it was without Clingman. It is unknown whether he died, she divorced him, or she simply left. Regardless, she was using the name Maria Clement for a time, and worked as a housekeeper to a physician named Dr. Mathew, whom she later married. Her daughter Susan came to live with them, and enjoyed some degree of social status with her mother’s new marriage. In her later years, Maria cultivated respectability and found solace in religion. She died in 1828. Sources Alberts, Robert C. â€Å"The Notorious Affair Of Mrs. Reynolds.† American Heritage, Feb. 1973, www.americanheritage.com/content/notorious-affair-mrs-reynolds.Chernow, Ron (2004). Alexander Hamilton. Penguin Books.Hamilton, Alexander. â€Å"Founders Online: Draft of the ‘Reynolds Pamphlet’, [25 August 1797].† National Archives and Records Administration, National Archives and Records Administration, founders.archives.gov/documents/Hamilton/01-21-02-0138-0001#ARHN-01-21-02-0138-0001-fn-0001.Swenson, Kyle. â€Å"Americas First Hush Money Scandal: Alexander Hamiltons Torrid Affair with Maria Reynolds.† The Washington Post, WP Company, 23 Mar. 2018, www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2018/03/23/americas-first-hush-money-scandal-alexander-hamiltons-torrid-affair-with-maria-reynolds/?noredirectonutm_term.822b16f784ea.

The Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini - 968 Words

In Khaled Hosseini’s novel, The Kite Runner, the theme, â€Å"true redemption is when guilt leads to good† (302), plays a major role in the book. Feeling endless guilt is tiring; it clings to a person and drags him or her down constantly. Amir felt endless remorse his whole life from the way he treated Hassan and after he overheard Baba talking to Rahim Khan about how Amir never stands up for himself. Amir tried to find redemption, but did not succeed until he went back to Kabul to find Sohrab. Amir’s cowardice caused him to live a guilty life, but in the end it led to true redemption. Amir’s cowardice led to guilt, which is why he searched for redemption the rest of his life. Baba states one of Amir’s major flaws, his cowardice, and Baba shows how much he values standing up for what is right. â€Å"A boy who won’t stand up for himself becomes a man who can’t stand up to anything† (22). Baba is reluctant to praise Amir because he feels Amir lacks the courage to stand up for himself, which leaves Amir constantly craving Baba’s approval. Amir is ashamed of not being the child Baba wanted, which leads to him feeling guilty.  ¨After all, I had killed his beloved wife... The least I could have done was to have had the decency to have turned out a little more like him. But I hadn’t turned out like him. Not at all ¨ (19). Amir is weak and a coward, whereas Baba is strong and will stand up for anybody. Amir’s fear shows again when Baba stands up for a woman who was threatened to be raped. â€Å"DoShow MoreRelated The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini883 Words   |  4 Pagesregret from past encounters and usually feel guilty and bitter about the situation. The Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini, revolves around the theme of redemption. Redemption can be used as a cure for guilt. Throughout the novel, the author shows that redemption requires some sort of sacrifice and the only way that is possible is if you can forgive yourself from the mistakes you have made in the past. Khaled Hosseini effectively portrays redemption through motifs such as rape, irony and flashbacks, symbolismRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1651 Words   |  7 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚   The novel â€Å"The Kite Runner† by Khaled Hosseini describes the life of a boy, Amir. Amir’s best friend and brother (although that part isn’t known until towards the end), Hassan, plays a major role in Amir’s life and how he grows up. Hosseini portrays many sacrifices that are made by Hassan and Amir. Addition ally, Amir seeks redemption throughout much of the novel. By using first person point of view, readers are able to connect with Amir and understand his pain and yearning for a way to be redeemedRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1655 Words   |  7 PagesSarah Singer Major Works Data Form Title: The Kite Runner Author: Khaled Hosseini Date of Publication: 2003 Genre: Historical Fiction Historical information about the period of publication: Since the September 11th attacks in 2001, the United States has been at war with Afghanistan. Their goals were to remove the Taliban, track down those in charge of the attacks, and destroy Al-Qaeda. Biographical information about the author: Khaled Hosseini was born in Kabul, Afghanistan, in 1965. HIs motherRead MoreThe Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini1098 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, we learn a lot about Amir the main character, and Hassan his servant/brother. In the beginning Hassan and Amir’s relationship was one of brotherly love despite the fact that Hassan was a Hazara and Amir a Pashtun. Back in the 1970’s race and religion played a big part in Kabul and these two races were not suppose to have relationships unless it was owner (Pashtun) and servant (Hazara). Baba Amir’s father had an affair with Hassan’s mother, but it was kept aRead MoreThe Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini1313 Words   |  5 Pagesis not unique to just J.K. Rowling. Khaled Hosseini also incorporates life experiences into some of his novels. A prime example of this is The Kite Runner. The storyline of this novel reflects his past to create a journey of a young Afghanistan boy, whose name is Amir. This boy changes drastically throughout his lifetime from a close minded, considerably arrogant boy to an open hearted and minded man. This emotional and mental trip is partially based on Khaled Hosseini’s own life. Throughout Hosseini’sRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1908 Words   |  8 Pages​In the novel, â€Å"The Kite Runner†, written by Khaled Hosseini, was taken place in Afghanistan during the 1970’s to the year of 2002. Many historical events happened during this time period and Hosseini portrayed it into his novel. Kabul, the capitol of Afghanistan, was a free, living area for many Afghanistan families to enjoy the life they were given. Until one day, Afghanistan was then taken over and attacked. In the novel, Amir, the protagonist, must redeem himself and the history behind his actionsRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1050 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"There is a way to be good again.† (Hosseini 334). This quote given by Rahim Khan to Amir holds a great amount of force and symbolism. In theory, this quote symbolizes the beginning of Amir’s path to redemption. The eye-opening Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini tells about the struggles of Afghanistan before and during the Taliban, and one’s struggle for redemption and acceptance. With regards to the opening quote, some see Amir’s actions as selfish. However, others may believe that Amir truly changedRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini1583 Words   |  7 Pagesnovel the Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, Amir, the main character, shares his thoughts and actions due to his poor decisions. The problems he encountered were all because of the sin committed in his youth. His sins taunted the beginning of his life and gave him a troublesome memory full of guilt. As the novel continued, Amir attempted to disengage the memory of his sin and forget about it. Amir then faced the long bumpy road to redemption. Khaled Hosseini’s novel the Kite Runner is about sinRead MoreThe Kite Runner, by Khaled Hosseini871 Words   |  4 Pagesthat person is trying to fix that mistake. This also applies to the novel The Kite Runner. The story revolves around the main character Amir, and his childhood friend, Hassan. After Amir came to America with Baba, his father, he still regrets the things he had done to his childhood friend. He left Hassan getting raped by Assef in a small alley in 1975. Thereafter, Amir always feel regret and seeks for redemption. Hosseini -the author, argues that redemption can be achieved by helping others, teachRead MoreThe Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini3402 Words   |  14 Pagestitle â€Å"The Kite Runner† is symbolic as fighting kites and the kite runnings are impacting moments in the novel. Hassan was the best kite runner in Kabul, if not the whole country, after Amir won the kite fighting the running of that last blue kite triggered the monumental changes for Amir. For the beginning of the story the kite running was associated with Hassan’s rape and Amir’s grief. As kites appear throughout the story, they begin Amir’s story and also end it. Amir flying the kite with Sohrab

Essay about Miles Davis - 1689 Words

The Electric Miles Davis Born in Alton, Illinois, Miles Davis grew up in a middle-class family in East St. Louis. Miles Davis took up the trumpet at the age of 13 and was playing professionally two years later. Some of his first gigs included performances with his high school bandand playing with Eddie Randall and the blue Devils. Miles Davis has said that the greatest musical experience of his life was hearing the Billy Eckstine orchestra when it passed through St. Louis. In September 1944 Davis went to New York to study at Juilliard but spend much more time hanging out on 52nd Street and eventually dropped out of school. He moved from his home in East St. Louis to New York primarily to enter school but also to locate his musical idol,†¦show more content†¦The music is rebellious and its uncompromising intensity is uncatagorizable for its urgent flooding past genre definitions. Miles’ music of the five-year period is unlike any music that preceded it, and still, 30 years later, so original, so Progressive, and so inadequately described. It’s no wonder that with his transformation into electric experiment, Miles lost a huge share of the loyal audience who had been following his earlier career. This new electric music dared to shed a amp;quot;jazzamp;quot; sound to integrate the highly charged, youthful raw power from rock and funk. Ignoring barriers, this music refuses to stay in any amp;quot;properamp;quot; place. Besides being multicultural, it makes an even bigger transgression: it is often unpleasant, assaulted, harsh, macho, eerie, and seemingly formless. Just as Miles Davis’ career is a continuous progression of remaking and replenishing himself, he has moved on and left his old self in the past decade. This music is not useful as background music. It cannot be used in the same way the 30 years worth of Miles’ previous music can be used. It demands attentiveness. It is militant and arrogant. It is sometimes more a display of audacity and an assertion of absolute independence then a lovely palette to summon dreams. The dream is over. All the romantic ballads and pleasurable entertainment is history. With this sound he describes a new reality for which he invents aShow MoreRelatedMiles Davis, Miles. Davis2223 Words   |  9 PagesBiography of Miles Davis Miles Dewey Davis the Third was a musician; composer; genius. Davis wrote a large portion of the music he played and he did not care what people thought about his music. â€Å"Do not fear mistakes, there are none.† (Miles Davis 29). The amount of skill Davis must have had to keep on creating new, original, different music is far beyond many people. Davis is one of the main contributing factors to change jazz. He, alone, has made his own style, the â€Å"Cool Jazz† genre (Karl ScarboroughRead MoreMiles Davis Essay1364 Words   |  6 PagesMiles Davis: The music’s right but the approach is wrong. Music listeners everywhere have heard at least a smidgen of the music from â€Å"the prince of darkness†. Although Miles Davis, dubbed the â€Å"most revered jazz trumpeter of all time, not to mention one of the most important musicians of the 20th century† by Rolling Stone Magazine and known as the birth of cool, attitudes and behaviors we never truly kind and the man was notoriously known as a jerk, his music was of great importance to the jazzRead MoreWho is Miles Davis?565 Words   |  2 PagesMiles Davis was a group leader and lyrical soloist, He grew up in east St. Louis. Miles started the trumpet at age 13, and two years later he was playing pro. On September 1944 he moved to new york. He met Charlie Parker in 1945 and played with him through 1948, while he was also playing with other bands and groups and touring big bands like Billy Eckstine and Benny Carter. He started his on bop groups in 1948 in 1949 he started playing with Art Blakey and Sonny Rollins, then around the middle ofRead MoreMiles Davis : Jazz Music912 Words   |  4 Pages For many jazz followers and musicians, Miles Davis represents one of the most prominent icons of jazz music. One can honestly say that Miles Davis is a true representation of what jazz music is. One of the greatest jazz musicians of all times, as recognized by many great players, also became one of the most prominent bandleaders; proved by his many successful groups and recordings. Miles always surrounded himself with great musicians that, in one way or another, were jazz icons themselves. AfterRead More Biography Of Miles Davis Essay1082 Words   |  5 PagesBiography of Miles Davis Born on May 26, 1926, Miles Davis is considered to be one of the most influential jazz musicians in history. Being a trumpeter, keyboardist, composer, and band-leader, Miles is responsible for the popularization of many styles of jazz throughout his long and prolific career. Miles Dewey Davis was born into a well-to-do family in the town of Alton, Illinois. The family owned a largeRead MoreMiles Davis And The Jazz Music931 Words   |  4 Pagesartists around the world and Miles Davis is considered one of the finest in the jazz genre. As one of the greatest jazz musicians ever, he instrumental in developing new forms of music such as jazz fusion. Like many famous twentieth century composers and artists, Davis grappled throughout his career with drug abuse, however, his music is still inspirational today and will impact and influence future generations and push them to their creative boundaries. Miles Dewey Davis III was born in Alton, IllinoisRead MoreComparative Analysis : The Great Miles Davis1549 Words   |  7 Pagesdiverse paths to create sounds and rhythmic patterns. This distinct musical innovator that influenced jazz beyond its limits is the great Miles Davis. Davis was born on May 25, 1926, in Alton, Illinois. But, he grew up in East St. Louis, Illinois. His father was dental surgeon, therefore they never had any financial need or any challenge that could disturb Davis’ life. During his childhood he received music lesson and by the age of thirteen he got his first trumpet. One of the most significant teacherRead MoreEssay on Miles Davis and the Evolution of Jazz1880 Words   |  8 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Who was Miles Davis and why was he such an important element in the music of Jazz? Miles Davis, as we would know him, was born Miles Dewey Davis in Alton, Illinois on the 25th of May 1926 to a middle-class black family.. A couple of years later, Miles went on to St. Louis where he grew up. Since he was a youngster, Miles hobby was to collect records and play them over without getting tired of them. Since his family knew Miles was so interested in the music of his time, primarily Jazz, forRead MoreMiles Davis s Jazz Society1295 Words   |  6 PagesHow do people discover Miles Davis in jazz society ? Miles Davis was born in Alton, Illinois, in May 25, 1926. Miles Davis has one brother and one sister. In his earlier life. Miles’s family decided to moved to East St. Louis, Illinois, Davis s father became a fortunate dentist at the age when miles was still a child. When he starting growing up at the 13 his father gave him a trumpet that could enjoy Milesâ₠¬â„¢s life in activities in school music, and in a couple week Miles decided to become a alliedRead MoreMiles Davis : A Musician, Composer, And Genius2229 Words   |  9 Pagesof Miles Davis Miles Dewey Davis III was a musician, composer, and genius. Davis wrote a large portion of the music he played, and he did not care what people thought about his music. â€Å"Do not fear mistakes, there are none† (Davis 29). The amount of skill Davis must have had to keep on creating new, original, different music is far beyond many people. Davis is one of the main contributing factors to change jazz. He alone made his own style, called the â€Å"Cool Jazz† genre (Scarborough 26). Davis is surely

Challenges of Web-Based Systems Web Engineering Approach

Question: Discuss about Addressing The Challenges Of Web-Based Systems Development and The Web Engineering Approach. Answer: Over the time, the web-based system development has become fundamental to several applications in different aspects. As the dependence on Web-based system development persist to improve, there is an increasing interest concerning the way in which the system development aspects are implemented and their superiority, reliability, and maintainability. Hence, web-based system development framework along with diverse bunches of data, specialized instrument, and displaying devices create lots of issues which leads to administration and advancement challenges. In the contemporary situation, there have been a list of faults related to web-based system developments because of a list of problems related web-based systems development that leads exploration of the said field. Under such circumstances, this research work aims to propose the way the programmers can address these issues significant to extend the successful large-scale Web-based system developments. This paper will also attempt to address these problems and will advise a universal strategy to diminish the convolution of the development of system developments as well as Web applications. It will address also address the practical issues, defies, and contemplations in the development of enormous Web developments, in against traditional software development. Finally, this research will recommend an effective Web engineering approach that programmers could follow.